Pavlov provides a rich, expressive syntax for you to develop your unit tests against. Think of it as RSpec's little Elixir-loving brother.
Pavlov is an abstraction built on top of the excellent ExUnit, Elixir's standard testing library, so all of its standard features are still supported.
Here's a short and sweet example of Pavlov in action:
defmodule OrderSpec do
use Pavlov.Case, async: true
import Pavlov.Syntax.Expect
describe ".sum" do
context "When the Order has items" do
let :order do
%Order{items: [
{"burger", 10.0}
{"fries", 5.2}
]}
end
it "sums the prices of its items" do
expect Order.sum(order) |> to_eq 15.2
end
end
end
end
Table Of Contents
- Usage
- Describe and Context
- Let
- Expects syntax
- Included Matchers
- Callbacks
- Mocking
- Skipping tests
- Development
- Contributing
Usage
Add Pavlov as a dependency in your mix.exs
file:
defp deps do
[{:pavlov, ">= 0.1.0", only: :test}]
end
After you are done, run mix deps.get
in your shell to fetch the dependencies.
To start execution of your Pavlov tests, add the following to your 'test/test_helper.exs':
Pavlov.start
Afterwards, running mix test
in your shell will run all test suites.
Describe and Context
You may use the describe
and context
constructs to group tests together in a logical way. Although context
is just an alias for describe
, you may use it to add some extra meaning to your tests, ie. you can use contexts
within a described
module function to simulate different conditions under which your function should work.
Let
You can use let
to define memoized helper methods for your tests. The returning value is cached across all invocations. 'let' is lazily-evaluated, meaning that its body is not evaluated until the first time the method is invoked.
let :order do
%Order{items: [
{"burger", 10.0}
{"fries", 5.2}
]}
end
Expects syntax
You may use the regular ExUnit assert
syntax if you wish, but Pavlov includes
an expect
syntax that makes your tests more readable.
If you wish to use this syntax, simply import the Pavlov.Syntax.Expect
at the
beginning of your Test module:
defmodule MyTest do
use Pavlov.Case, async: true
import Pavlov.Syntax.Expect
#...
end
All core matchers are supported under both syntaxes.
Included Matchers
When using the expects
syntax, all matchers have negative counterparts, ie:
expect 1 |> not_to_eq 2
expect(1 > 5) |> not_to_be_true
Visit the Pavlov Wiki to learn more about all of the core matchers available for your tests.
Callbacks
For now, Pavlov only supports callbacks that run before test cases. ExUnit's
on_exit
callback is still fully supported though, and may be used normally inside your before
callbacks.
before(:each)
Runs the specified code before every test case.
describe "before :each" do
before :each do
IO.puts "A test is about to start"
:ok
end
it "does something" do
#...
end
it "does something else" do
#...
end
end
In this case, "A test is about to start"
is printed twice to the console.
before(:all)
Runs the specified code once before any tests run.
describe "before :all" do
before :all do
IO.puts "This suite is about to run"
:ok
end
it "does something" do
#...
end
it "does something else" do
#...
end
end
In this case, "This suite is about to run"
is printed once to the console.
Mocking
Pavlov provides facilities to mock functions in your Elixir modules. This is achieved using Meck, an erlang mocking tool.
Here's a simple example using HTTPotion:
before :each do
allow HTTPotion |> to_receive(get: fn(url) -> "<html></html>" end)
end
it "gets a page" do
result = HTTPotion.get("http://example.com")
expect HTTPotion |> to_have_received :get
expect result |> to_eq "<html></html>"
end
If you want the mock to retain all other functions in the original module,
then you will need to pass the opts
List
argument to the allow
function
and include the :passthrough
value. The allow
function specifies a default
opts
List
that includes the :no_link
value. This value should be included
in the List
as it ensures that the mock (which is linked to the creating
process) will unload automatically when a crash occurs.
before :each do
allow(HTTPotion, [:no_link, :passthrough]) |> to_receive(get: fn(url) -> "<html></html>" end)
end
Expectations on mocks also work using asserts
syntax via the called
matcher:
before :each do
allow HTTPotion |> to_receive(get: fn(url) -> "<html></html>" end)
end
it "gets a page" do
HTTPotion.get("http://example.com")
assert called HTTPotion.get
end
Mocks with arguments
You can also perform assertions on what arguments were passed to a mocked method:
before :each do
allow HTTPotion |> to_receive(get: fn(url) -> "<html></html>" end)
end
it "gets a page" do
HTTPotion.get("http://example.com")
expect HTTPotion |> to_have_received :get |> with "http://example.com"
end
In asserts
syntax:
before :each do
allow HTTPotion |> to_receive (get: fn(url) -> url end )
end
it "gets a page" do
HTTPotion.get("http://example.com")
assert called HTTPotion.get("http://example.com")
end
Skipping tests
Pavlov runs with the --exclude pending:true
configuration by default, which
means that tests tagged with :pending
will not be run.
Pavlov offers several convenience methods to skip your tests, BDD style:
xit
Marks a specific test as pending and will not run it.
xit "does not run" do
# This will never run
end
xdescribe/xcontext
Marks a group of tests as pending and will not run them. Just as describe
and context
, xdescribe
and xcontext
are analogous.
xdescribe "A pending group" do
it "does not run" do
# This will never run
end
it "does not run either" do
# This will never run either
end
end
Development
After cloning the repo, make sure to download all dependencies using mix deps.get
.
Pavlov is tested using Pavlov itself, so the general philosophy is to simply write a test using a given feature until it passes.
Running the tests
Simply run mix test
Building the docs
Run MIX_ENV=docs mix docs
. The resulting HTML files will be output to the docs
folder.
Contributing
- Fork it ( https://github.com/sproutapp/pavlov/fork )
- Create your feature branch (
git checkout -b my-new-feature
) - Commit your changes (
git commit -am 'Add some feature'
) - Push to the branch (
git push origin my-new-feature
) - Create a new Pull Request